Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Kenyon TA[original query] |
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Overview, control strategies, and lessons learned in the CDC response to the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic
Bell BP , Damon IK , Jernigan DB , Kenyon TA , Nichol ST , O'Connor JP , Tappero JW . MMWR Suppl 2016 65 (3) 4-11 During 2014-2016, CDC, working with U.S. and international partners, mounted a concerted response to end the unprecedented epidemic of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa. CDC's response, which was the largest in the agency's history, was directed simultaneously at controlling the epidemic in West Africa and strengthening preparedness for Ebola in the United States. Although experience in responding to approximately 20 Ebola outbreaks since 1976 had provided CDC and other international responders an understanding of the disease and how to stop its spread, the epidemic in West Africa presented new and formidable challenges. The initial response was slow and complicated for several reasons, including wide geographic spread of cases, poor public health and societal infrastructure, sociodemographic factors, local unfamiliarity with Ebola, and distrust of government and health care workers. In the United States, widespread public alarm erupted after Ebola cases were diagnosed in Dallas, Texas, and New York City, New York. CDC, in collaboration with its U.S. and international counterparts, applied proven public health strategies as well as innovative new approaches to help control the Ebola epidemic in West Africa and strengthen public health readiness in the United States. Lessons learned include the recognition that West African and other countries need effective systems to detect and stop infectious disease threats, the need for stronger international surge capacity for times when countries are overwhelmed by an outbreak, and the importance of improving infection prevention and control in health care settings. The activities summarized in this report would not have been possible without collaboration with many U.S. and international partners (http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/partners.html). |
Global health security: the wider lessons from the West African Ebola virus disease epidemic
Heymann DL , Chen L , Takemi K , Fidler DP , Tappero JW , Thomas MJ , Kenyon TA , Frieden TR , Yach D , Nishtar S , Kalache A , Olliaro PL , Horby P , Torreele E , Gostin LO , Ndomondo-Sigonda M , Carpenter D , Rushton S , Lillywhite L , Devkota B , Koser K , Yates R , Dhillon RS , Rannan-Eliya RP . Lancet 2015 385 (9980) 1884-901 The Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa was unprecedented in both its scale and impact. Out of this human calamity has come renewed attention to global health security--its definition, meaning, and the practical implications for programmes and policy. For example, how does a government begin to strengthen its core public health capacities, as demanded by the International Health Regulations? What counts as a global health security concern? In the context of the governance of global health, including WHO reform, it will be important to distil lessons learned from the Ebola outbreak. The Lancet invited a group of respected global health practitioners to reflect on these lessons, to explore the idea of global health security, and to offer suggestions for next steps. Their contributions describe some of the major threats to individual and collective human health, as well as the values and recommendations that should be considered to counteract such threats in the future. Many different perspectives are proposed. Their common goal is a more sustainable and resilient society for human health and wellbeing. |
Cholera elimination in Hispaniola
Etienne CF , Tappero JW , Marston BJ , Frieden TR , Kenyon TA , Andrus JK . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013 89 (4) 615-616 A catastrophic confluence of factors contributed to the rapid spread of cholera in Haiti following its introduction in late 2010. The outbreak is now the largest in modern history to affect a single country1; cases from Haiti comprised nearly half of the cholera cases reported worldwide in 2012.2 Although cases of cholera related to this outbreak have occurred in the Dominican Republic, the United States,3 and possibly in Cuba and other countries,4,5 spread in these other countries has been nil or limited. The factors responsible for rapid spread in Haiti include: long-standing water and sanitary inadequacies in Haiti; the further disruptions to water and sanitary systems imposed by the earthquake; above average rainfall; high water and ambient temperatures; and insufficient capacity of the government infrastructure to respond to the crisis. | | In 2008, before the earthquake, 63% of Haitians had access to improved sources of drinking water, and only 17% of the population had access to improved sanitation.6 To address these inadequacies, in January 2012 the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) put forward a call to action for international partners to support the governments of Haiti and the Dominican Republic with their long-term vision to strengthen water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions in their respective countries.7 The same group supported the development of national plans for the elimination of cholera transmission on the Island of Hispaniola. In Haiti, the National Plan outlined a 10-year strategy to strengthen and sustain broad efforts for prevention and control of cholera infection, including water and sanitation infrastructure, surveillance, health promotion, and treatment measures.8 Plans in the Dominican Republic focused on bridging gaps in WASH access, and improving surveillance, health communication, and treatment. Partners were asked to assist the National governments to finance and implement these plans. |
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